Moving to Mongolia from Turkmenistan
What to Expect
Considering a move from Turkmenistan to Mongolia? Here's how the two compare on cost, climate, safety, and more.
If you moved from Turkmenistan to Mongolia, and you’d need to navigate life in Mongolian. Expect a noticeable climate shift — Ulaanbaatar averages 44°F vs 74°F in Ashgabat, making it significantly cooler.
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Key Indicator Comparison
The numbers behind daily life in Mongolia compared to Turkmenistan.
Is it safe?
per 100,000 people per year
per 100,000 people per year
Turkmenistan performs better than Mongolia across all safety metrics.
How's the healthcare?
annual government + private spending per person
affects wait times and access to care
WHO index from 0–100 measuring essential service access
share of adults with obesity
per 100,000 people — a proxy for mental health support
Turkmenistan generally does better on health & wellbeing, though Mongolia leads in healthcare spending per person.
What about the environment?
deaths attributable to air pollution per 100k people
tonnes of CO₂ emitted per person per year
Turkmenistan generally does better on environment, though Mongolia leads in co₂ emissions per capita.
Will I have good infrastructure?
fixed broadband subscriptions — key for remote work
higher means greater strain on freshwater supply
annual consumption — reflects grid capacity
share of households with internet
Mongolia generally does better on infrastructure, though Turkmenistan leads in electricity per capita.
What are the job prospects?
percentage of the labour force without work
a broad measure of economic output per person
share of people below the poverty line
Turkmenistan generally does better on employment & economy, though Mongolia leads in gdp per capita.
Is it good for families?
average years of life at birth
deaths per 1,000 live births — lower is better
government spending on education as % of GDP
percentage of adults who can read and write
Turkmenistan generally does better on family life, though Mongolia leads in infant mortality.
Data: The World Factbook, United Nations SDG Indicators, World Bank
What's the Climate Like?
Monthly averages — select a city to compare.
Avg. annual high / low
Avg. annual high / low
| Months | Ashgabat | Ulaanbaatar |
|---|---|---|
| Jan–Mar | 51°/34°F (11°/1°C) | 17°/-5°F (-9°/-21°C) |
| Apr–Jun | 86°/61°F (30°/16°C) | 62°/37°F (17°/3°C) |
| Jul–Sep | 96°/68°F (35°/20°C) | 70°/48°F (21°/9°C) |
| Oct–Dec | 62°/40°F (17°/5°C) | 26°/6°F (-4°/-15°C) |
View all months
| Month | Ashgabat | Ulaanbaatar |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 45°/29°F (7.4°/-1.6°C) | 4°/-15°F (-15.5°/-26.1°C) |
| Feb | 49°/32°F (9.6°/-0.2°C) | 15°/-8°F (-9.6°/-22.3°C) |
| Mar | 60°/41°F (15.6°/4.9°C) | 31°/8°F (-0.6°/-13.6°C) |
| Apr | 75°/52°F (24.1°/11.1°C) | 49°/24°F (9.7°/-4.4°C) |
| May | 86°/61°F (30.0°/16.2°C) | 64°/38°F (17.9°/3.2°C) |
| Jun | 96°/69°F (35.7°/20.7°C) | 73°/49°F (22.7°/9.5°C) |
| Jul | 101°/74°F (38.2°/23.1°C) | 76°/55°F (24.6°/12.7°C) |
| Aug | 98°/69°F (36.6°/20.5°C) | 72°/51°F (22.4°/10.5°C) |
| Sep | 89°/60°F (31.5°/15.4°C) | 62°/38°F (16.8°/3.5°C) |
| Oct | 74°/48°F (23.2°/9.1°C) | 46°/23°F (7.7°/-4.8°C) |
| Nov | 62°/40°F (16.6°/4.6°C) | 23°/4°F (-4.8°/-15.7°C) |
| Dec | 50°/33°F (9.8°/0.7°C) | 8°/-10°F (-13.5°/-23.1°C) |
Data:
National Agency for Meteorology and Environmental Monitoring of Mongolia
Visitor Visa Requirements
Short-stay tourist visa rules between Turkmenistan and Mongolia. To live, work, or study long-term in Mongolia, you'll need a separate residence or work visa — check Mongolia's immigration authority.
Turkmenistan passport holder visiting Mongolia
Visa Required
Mongolia passport holder visiting Turkmenistan
Visa RequiredData: Henley Passport Index. Check with the destination country's embassy for the most current requirements.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I work remotely from Mongolia?
Connectivity is usually fine (Mongolia: 12.9 fixed broadband per 100). What actually decides it is legal: does Mongolia offer a digital nomad visa, will your employer permit overseas work, and where are you tax-resident?
Is Mongolia safe for expats?
Turkmenistan performs better than Mongolia across all safety metrics. The homicide rate in Mongolia is 5.9 per 100,000 people, compared to 1.1 in Turkmenistan.
How is healthcare in Mongolia compared to Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan generally does better on health & wellbeing, though Mongolia leads in healthcare spending per person. There are 38.7 doctors per 10,000 people in Mongolia, compared to 21.4 in Turkmenistan. Mongolia scores 65 on the WHO universal health coverage index (Turkmenistan: 75).
What's the weather like in Mongolia compared to Turkmenistan?
The average high temperature in Ulaanbaatar is 44°F, compared to 74°F in Ashgabat. Ulaanbaatar receives around 10.6 in of rainfall per year, while Ashgabat gets 8.9 in.
What language do they speak in Mongolia?
The official language in Mongolia is Mongolian. In Turkmenistan, the official languages are Russian and Turkmen.
