If you lived in Bosnia and Herzegovina instead of Macedonia, you would:

Health

live 1.4 years longer

In Macedonia, the average life expectancy is 77 years (74 years for men, 79 years for women) as of 2024. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, that number is 78 years (75 years for men, 81 years for women) as of 2024.

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be 21.8% less likely to be obese

In Macedonia, 26.8% of adults are obese as of 2024. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, that number is 21.0% of people as of 2024.

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see 10.0% more spent on your healthcare

Macedonia spends $1,808 per person on healthcare as of 2023 (international dollars, adjusted for prices). Bosnia and Herzegovina spends $1,989 as of 2023.

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have 12.2% fewer doctors per person

Macedonia has 29.4 doctors per 10,000 people as of 2022. Bosnia and Herzegovina has 25.8 as of 2019.

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have 10.8% less access to essential health services

Macedonia scores 74 out of 100 on the universal health coverage index as of 2021. Bosnia and Herzegovina scores 66 as of 2021.

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be 55.2% more likely to die by suicide

Macedonia has a suicide rate of 5.8 per 100,000 people as of 2021. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is 9.0 per 100,000 as of 2021.

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Life

be 100.0% more likely to die during childbirth

In Macedonia, approximately 3.0 women die from pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 live births as of 2023. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, 6.0 women do as of 2023.

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be 2.2 times more likely to die during infancy

In Macedonia, approximately 2.5 children (per 1,000 live births) die before they reach the age of one as of 2024. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the other hand, 5.5 children do as of 2024.

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have 12.3% fewer children

In Macedonia, there are approximately 8.8 babies per 1,000 people as of 2024. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there are 7.7 babies per 1,000 people as of 2024.

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Expenditures

spend 20.1% more on healthcare

Macedonia spends 7.4% of its total GDP on healthcare as of 2023. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, that number is 8.9% of GDP as of 2023.

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Safety

be 20.3% less likely to be murdered

Macedonia has a homicide rate of 1.5 per 100,000 people as of 2023. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, that number is 1.2 per 100,000 as of 2023.

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be 2.4 times more likely to die in a road accident

In Macedonia, road accidents kill 5.7 people per 100,000 as of 2021. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, they kill 13.7 per 100,000 as of 2021.

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Infrastructure

live with 96.1% less strain on fresh water

Macedonia withdraws 53% of its available fresh water each year as of 2022. Bosnia and Herzegovina withdraws 2% as of 2022.

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use 10.7% more electricity

Macedonia uses 3,320 kWh of electricity per person each year as of 2023. Bosnia and Herzegovina uses 3,677 kWh as of 2023.

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Environment

be 11.3% less likely to die from air pollution

In Macedonia, air pollution causes 62.0 deaths per 100,000 people as of 2019. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, it causes 55.0 as of 2019.

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emit 61.3% more CO2

Macedonia emits 4.0 tonnes of CO2 per person each year as of 2024. Bosnia and Herzegovina emits 6.5 tonnes as of 2024.

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Sources: World Bank (2019–2024), United Nations SDG Indicators (2019–2021), World Health Organization (2024). How we calculate this

Bosnia and Herzegovina: At a glance

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a sovereign country in Europe, with a total land area of approximately 51,187 sq km. Bosnia and Herzegovina declared sovereignty in October 1991 and independence from the former Yugoslavia on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs. The Bosnian Serbs - supported by neighboring Serbia and Montenegro - responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to form a "Greater Serbia." In March 1994, Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement creating a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties initialed a peace agreement that ended three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995). The Dayton Peace Accords retained Bosnia and Herzegovina's international boundaries and created a multi-ethnic and democratic government charged with conducting foreign, diplomatic, and fiscal policy. Also recognized was a second tier of government composed of two entities roughly equal in size: the Bosniak/Bosnian Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska (RS). The Federation and RS governments are responsible for overseeing most government functions. Additionally, the Dayton Accords established the Office of the High Representative (OHR) to oversee the implementation of the civilian aspects of the agreement. The Peace Implementation Council (PIC) at its conference in Bonn in 1997 also gave the High Representative the authority to impose legislation and remove officials, the so-called "Bonn Powers." An original NATO-led international peacekeeping force (IFOR) of 60,000 troops assembled in 1995 was succeeded over time by a smaller, NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR). In 2004, European Union peacekeeping troops (EUFOR) replaced SFOR. Currently EUFOR deploys around 600 troops in theater in a policing capacity.
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