Quality of life comparison
If you lived in Estonia instead of Madagascar, you would:
Health
live 15.5 years longer
In Madagascar, the average life expectancy is 64 years (62 years for men, 66 years for women) as of 2024. In Estonia, that number is 79 years (75 years for men, 84 years for women) as of 2024.
see 59.5 times more spent on your healthcare
Madagascar spends $63 per person on healthcare as of 2023 (international dollars, adjusted for prices). Estonia spends $3,741 as of 2024.
have 20.2 times more doctors per person
Madagascar has 1.7 doctors per 10,000 people as of 2022. Estonia has 34.7 as of 2022.
have 2.3 times more access to essential health services
Madagascar scores 35 out of 100 on the universal health coverage index as of 2021. Estonia scores 79 as of 2021.
be 4.5 times more likely to be obese
In Madagascar, 4.5% of adults are obese as of 2024. In Estonia, that number is 20.3% of people as of 2024.
be 2.5 times more likely to die by suicide
Madagascar has a suicide rate of 6.1 per 100,000 people as of 2021. In Estonia, it is 14.9 per 100,000 as of 2021.
Economy
be 70.1% less likely to live below the poverty line
In Madagascar, 75.2% live below the poverty line as of 2021. In Estonia, however, that number is 22.5% as of 2022.
make 57.4 times more money
Madagascar has a GDP per capita of $599 as of 2025, while in Estonia, the GDP per capita is $34,418 as of 2025.
be 2.7 times more likely to be unemployed
In Madagascar, 3.0% of the labor force is unemployed as of 2025. In Estonia, that number is 8.3% as of 2025.
Life
be 98.9% less likely to die during childbirth
In Madagascar, approximately 445.0 women die from pregnancy or childbirth per 100,000 live births as of 2023. In Estonia, 5.0 women do as of 2023.
be 33.8% more likely to be literate
In Madagascar, the literacy rate is 74.7% as of 2021. In Estonia, it is 99.9% as of 2021.
be 96.5% less likely to die during infancy
In Madagascar, approximately 43.0 children (per 1,000 live births) die before they reach the age of one as of 2024. In Estonia, on the other hand, 1.5 children do as of 2024.
have 77.6% fewer children
In Madagascar, there are approximately 31.7 babies per 1,000 people as of 2024. In Estonia, there are 7.1 babies per 1,000 people as of 2024.
Basic Needs
be 2.5 times more likely to have access to electricity
In Madagascar, approximately 39% of people have electricity access (76% in urban areas, and 15% in rural areas) as of 2023. In Estonia, that number is 100% of people on average (100% in urban areas, and 100% in rural areas) as of 2023.
be 4.9 times more likely to have internet access
In Madagascar, approximately 18.7% of the population has internet access as of 2024. In Estonia, about 92.2% do as of 2024.
be 80.7% more likely to have access to drinking water
In Madagascar, approximately 55% of people have access to drinking water (78% in urban areas, and 39% in rural areas) as of 2024. In Estonia, that number is 100% of people on average (100% in urban areas, and 100% in rural areas) as of 2024.
Expenditures
spend 70.8% more on education
Madagascar spends 3.0% of its total GDP on education as of 2023. Estonia spends 5.2% of total GDP on education as of 2022.
spend 2.3 times more on healthcare
Madagascar spends 3.4% of its total GDP on healthcare as of 2023. In Estonia, that number is 7.8% of GDP as of 2024.
Geography
see 21.4% less coastline
Madagascar has a total of 4,828 km of coastline. In Estonia, that number is 3,794 km.
Safety
be 80.4% less likely to die in a road accident
In Madagascar, road accidents kill 22.5 people per 100,000 as of 2021. In Estonia, they kill 4.4 per 100,000 as of 2021.
Infrastructure
find 294.6 times more home broadband
Madagascar has 0.1 fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 people as of 2023. Estonia has 35.4 as of 2024.
use 66.2 times more electricity
Madagascar uses 80 kWh of electricity per person each year as of 2023. Estonia uses 5,298 kWh as of 2024.
live with 15.9% more strain on fresh water
Madagascar withdraws 11% of its available fresh water each year as of 2022. Estonia withdraws 13% as of 2022.
Environment
be 77.6% less likely to die from air pollution
In Madagascar, air pollution causes 58.0 deaths per 100,000 people as of 2019. In Estonia, it causes 13.0 as of 2019.
emit 51.7 times more CO2
Madagascar emits 0.1 tonnes of CO2 per person each year as of 2024. Estonia emits 7.8 tonnes as of 2024.
Sources: World Bank (2021–2025), United Nations SDG Indicators (2019–2021), The World Factbook (2021), World Health Organization (2024). How we calculate this
Compare further: Madagascar vs. Estonia
Estonia: At a glance
How big is Estonia compared to Madagascar? See an in-depth size comparison.