How to Compare Quality of Life Between Countries

A practical guide to the key metrics that define quality of life and how to compare them across countries.

Everyone talks about "quality of life" but try getting two people to agree on what it means. Is it how long you live? How much you earn? Whether you can see a doctor without going bankrupt? It's all of those things, and the weight you give each one depends on who you are and what you're looking for. The good news: most of the components are measurable, and our country comparison tool puts them side by side. Here's how to read the numbers.

Life Expectancy Gap
89.5
Japan
vs 55.1 in Chad
GDP Per Capita
$102K
Norway
vs $274 in Burundi
Literacy Rate
99%+
30+ countries
vs 19% in Chad
Health Spending
16.6%
United States
of GDP, highest globally

What Does "Quality of Life" Actually Mean?

There's no single number for it. Quality of life is really a composite of health, money, education, and infrastructure — and different people weight those differently. Someone retiring to southern Europe cares about healthcare access. A remote worker picking between Lisbon and Bangkok might care more about internet speeds and cost of living. The trick is looking at enough metrics to build an honest picture, rather than cherry-picking one flattering number.

What the Numbers Look Like in Practice

Metrics are abstract until you put two countries next to each other. Here's Norway — consistently near the top of quality-of-life rankings — against Nigeria, one of Africa's largest economies but with very different outcomes for its citizens:

Norway

Source: MyLifeElsewhere

MetricValue
Life Expectancy 83.2 years
GDP Per Capita $102,500
Infant Mortality 2.3 / 1,000
Literacy Rate 99%
Internet Access 98.4%
Health Spending 11.3% GDP

Nigeria

Source: MyLifeElsewhere

MetricValue
Life Expectancy 61.3 years
GDP Per Capita $2,184
Infant Mortality 55.2 / 1,000
Literacy Rate 62%
Internet Access 55.4%
Health Spending 3.0% GDP

A 22-year life expectancy gap, 47x difference in GDP, and dramatically different infant survival rates. Full Norway vs Nigeria comparison →

But not all gaps run along obvious rich-vs-poor lines. Here's one that surprises people:

United States

Source: MyLifeElsewhere

MetricValue
Life Expectancy 80.7 years
GDP Per Capita $80,035
Infant Mortality 5.1 / 1,000
Health Spending 16.6% GDP
Obesity Rate 36.2%

Portugal

Source: MyLifeElsewhere

MetricValue
Life Expectancy 81.9 years
GDP Per Capita $28,563
Infant Mortality 2.5 / 1,000
Health Spending 10.6% GDP
Obesity Rate 20.8%

The US has nearly 3x Portugal's GDP per capita — and yet Portugal has higher life expectancy, half the infant mortality, lower obesity, and spends 36% less of GDP on healthcare. Money isn't the whole story. Full USA vs Portugal comparison →

That's the whole point of looking at multiple indicators. A few things worth keeping in mind when you dig into the data:

  • No single number is enough. A country can be wealthy and still have mediocre health outcomes, or poor on paper but punching above its weight in education.
  • Factor in cost of living. Slightly lower quality-of-life scores in a country where your money goes 3x further might actually mean a better day-to-day life. Our cost of living tool pairs well with this.
  • Decide what matters to you. Retiring? Healthcare and safety probably outweigh GDP. Moving for work? Internet infrastructure and economic opportunity matter more.
  • Watch out for city-states. Monaco and Singapore top lots of rankings because their populations are self-selecting. Compare like with like for the most useful results.
MyLifeElsewhere
Published February 2026