Rhode Island is about 13 times smaller than Taiwan.

Taiwan is approximately 35,980 sq km, while Rhode Island is approximately 2,706 sq km, making Rhode Island 7.52% the size of Taiwan. Meanwhile, the population of Taiwan is ~23.6 million people (22.5 million fewer people live in Rhode Island).
Tip: This to-scale comparison of Taiwan vs. Rhode Island uses the Mercator projection, which distorts the size of regions near the poles.
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