Massachusetts is about 23 times smaller than Papua New Guinea.

Papua New Guinea is approximately 462,840 sq km, while Massachusetts is approximately 20,306 sq km, making Massachusetts 4.39% the size of Papua New Guinea. Meanwhile, the population of Papua New Guinea is ~9.6 million people (3.0 million fewer people live in Massachusetts).
Tip: This to-scale comparison of Papua New Guinea vs. Massachusetts uses the Mercator projection, which distorts the size of regions near the poles.